HAND OUT; SPECIAL CREATION THEORY

SPECIAL CREATION THEORY

According to the special creation theory, all the living and non living things were created by God. This idea is found in the ancient scriptures of almost every religion. According to the Christian belief, God created this universe, plants, animals and human beings in six natural days (Genesis).

How was the earth created?

1.      The first day He created Night and Day (light and darkness).

2.      The second day he created the seas and the sky.

3.      On the third day he created the plants.

4.      The forth day was for the creation of the sun and the moon.

5.      The fifth day He created fish and birds.

6.      The sixth day He created animals and humans.

7.      The last day He took a rest after His large creation days.

Special creation theory believes that the things have not undergone any significant change since their creation.

Because the special creation theory bases are that God created all that we know now, it does not involve any science studies. It also does not support the evolution theory.

It also takes information straight from the bible, which is so old it cannot be properly dated back, it have no evidence of support. That means they have zero applicability and is less probable that this is the way the earh was created.

There are different religions, but they have all the same way of creation as a belief; for example , acording to Hindu mythology, Lord Brahma, the God of Creation, created the world with his wish. Manu and Shradha were the first man and woman respectively. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikh religion, held that the entire universe, including all species, came into being with a single word of God. Islam holds the same view. There are three important postulates in the theory of special creation:

1.        All the different kinds of life were created at the same time or at short intervals without any relationship with one another.

2.        They were created in the same form in which they exist at present, having undergone no change since their creation.

3.        Their bodies and organs have been specially designed to fully meet the needs of the environment in which they have been created.

THEORIES

Duane Gish 

defined "special creation" as being creation using supernatural processes

Dennis Jensen

“Special creation means that complex living things did not descend from simpler ones but were created independently”

James B. Stenson

a literal reading of the Genesis account

Charles B. Thaxton

"Special Creation by a Creator beyond the Cosmos“ and special creation holds "that the source that produced life was intelligent“

REFERENCES

http://www.tutornext.com/origin-life/11639

http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-iii/origin-life/origin-life-theories.php

http://www.bibarch.com/concepts/Origins/creation.htm

http://www.parentcompany.com/csrc/basics.htm

PBL :)

A CASE STUDY: SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

Dulce Nuñez Godinez

Zohemy Ruiz Portillo

September 16, 2010

INTRODUCTION

"Most of these deaths could have been prevented just by knowing if they have the trait”

The sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a genetic mutation that affects the red blood cells, and the normal function of the hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin is the main protein that carries carbon dioxide and oxygen to the body.

The disease can only be inherited by the parents. To be inherited, each parent must have at least 1 copy of the gene. When is passed to the next generation, there are 3 possibilities for the child:

·         To be a carrier. This means that the kid will have 1 copy, inherited from only one parent. When the person is a carrier, it’s called “sickle cell trait”. This person may not know that he/she have the trait, because it triggers only when the person is under high altitudes or intense exercise.

·         To be infected. This means that the child will have 2 copies of the sickle gene and be totally sick. When the person is infected, the disease is more risky, because the sickled red blood cells block the blood vessels, disturbing the pass of oxygen and carbon dioxide to the body.

·         To be healthy. This means that the kid will not have the disease.

The sickle cell anemia is a very harmful disease that is mostly found in black origin people.

As we have seen, biology is very important for the investigation of this disease. Studying this trait we can see how evolution and cellular bases are involved as the objective of biochemists. In this study, chemistry, geography and math are involved. Each one is important because without chemistry we will not have certain information of the disease, without math we won’t be able to know how many people are infected, and without geography we won’t know the specific places of the infection.

This disease is certainly very risky. It affects from the cell, passing through the organism, reaching the entire biosphere. Those are affected because the cell is being sickled forming a not completely round cell, but a deformed one.  This makes that the organism lack of oxygen. The infection on only one being will cause an entire problem to the population, because of the kids that the infected person will have. Obviously the infected kid will have more kids that also are probabilities to be infected and this affects the entire biological community. Finally, the biosphere will also be affected because the people can travel to other places and make people of other regions get infected.

The disease affects the DNA and the RNA which are macromolecules compresed by nucleic acids. This transfer genetic information to the next generation.

The hemoglobin (the one that helps the pass of oxygen) has a primary structure and is also affecting the primary structure of the protein. This means that the disease just affect a few number of amino-acids.

The sickle cell anemia does not have a cure, but there are some methods of prevention. For example, scientist have found out that they can take a completely healthy gene and freeze it, so when the person want to have kids use that gene and take the information of the gene from the other person, and that way get a new generation. I think that this is great because first of all, science have advance a lot and got a way of prevent the disease for next generations. In the other hand, the other prevention some people is using is checking if the person is infected or not, and if it is, not allowing that person to get married. This is not a good way of preventing that because science can’t really interfere in people’s hearts.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the sickle cell anemia is a dangerous illness, that affects your DNA and could cause the death, but it can be prevented in some ways.

It is risky because it affects from the cell and all the way through the biosphere affecting all the human beings. This disease can only be transferred to the next generation. This means that it can’t be passed by other way.

People are very likely to have this disease because it is obvious that it will pass all over the world, even nowadays the people who have this disease are mostly black people.

REFERENCES

http://www.philly.com/inquirer/health_science/weekly/20100906_TACKLING_SICKLE_CELL.html#ixzz0zkPDkW5o

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Sca/SCA_WhatIs.html

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Sca/SCA_Prevention.html

http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000527prv.htm

http://www.mamashealth.com/sickle_cell.asp